Locomotive draft device



July 23, 1929. c. A. SCHELLENS ET AL 1,722,060

' LOCOMOTIVE DRAFT DEVICE 5 Sheets-Sfieet 1 Filed Aug. 15, 1925 INVE TORS C a I A 252:. t 'ATTORNEKS y 1929. c. A. SCHELLENS ET AL 1,722,060-

LOCOMOT IVE DRAFT DEVICE Filed Aug. 15, 1925 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 C QJINVZTORJM BY W 4/2 wz zem s July 23, 1929. c. A. SCHELLENS ET AL 1,722,060

LOCOMOTIVE DRAFT DEVI CE Filed Aug. 15. 1925 3 Sheets-Sheet 5 A TTORNE Y6 Patented July 23, 1929.

' innit 0. A. SCHELLENS, 0F MARBLEHEAD, MASSACHUSETTS, AND JOEL S. COFEIN, JR .013

LISBON, NEW HAMPSHIRE, ASSIGNORS, BY IVIESNE ASSIGNMENTS, TO C-S ENGI- NEERING COMPANY, A CURPGRATION OF ,DELAVYARE.

LOCOIVIOTI'i/"E DRAFT DEVICE.

Application filed August 15, 1925. Serial no. 50,348.

This invention has-reference to certain improvements in the form of draft mechanism disclosed in the application, Serial No. 681,450, filed December 18th, 1923, of E. L. Schellens and J. S. Cotiin, J r.

One of the primary objects of our invention is to ensure that the smoke clears the lecomotive and does not blanket the cab. I

Another object of the invention isto increase the efficiency of the fan employed in creating the draft. I How the foregoing, together with such other objects and advantages as may hereinafter appear, or are incident to our invention, are realized is illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein I Fig. 1 is a diagrammatic representation of the front end of a locomotive with our improved device applied thereto;

Fig. 2 is aplan view of the device with parts of the same broken away to show certain of the interior mechanism;

Fig. 3 is a transverse sectional view on the line 33 of Fig. 2; and

Fig. i is a transverse sectional view of a modified form of the invention.

Referring now more particularly to Fig. 1, it will be seen that we have therein shown a locomotive front end or smoke box in which, in the place usually occupied by the ordinary stack, there is secured our draft device of the configuration indicated mainly in dotted lines in this figure.

This draft device consists essentially of an economizer. a turbo-exhaust or draft fan,

means for delivering steam thereto and the means and arrangement for fulfilling the ob jects of the invention. Briefly the economizer comprises a cylindrical casing 2 containing a number of vertical fiues 3 surrounded by feed water admitted thru the pipe 4 and inlet opening 5, in a manner to flow upward around the fiues and pass out and downwardly through the tube connections 6 and outlet 7. The connections 6 take the water from near the top of the casing 2, as indicated in Fi 3. The economizer is supported from its upper plate 21 which is shouldered to lit and rest upon the ring 21, X *elded to the cylinder or sleeve 21", which is in turn welded to the smoke boX shell.

Above the casing 2, mounted to revolve in a horizontal plane, is the fan 8 provided with aseries of vanes 9 which discharge laterally,

as shown, between two conical sheets 10 and 11, which are spaced apart and also stiffened by means of curved vanes12, arranged, preferably as shown in Fig. 2, with gradually expanding openings between them. The function'of the vanes 12 will'be later pointed out.

The fan is turbine operated, steam being supplied to the buckets 14 from a series of nozzles 15 opening from the annular steam chest 16, formed by the cylinder. 21', the ring 7 21 the plate 13 the inverted cone or base 30, so to speak, of the stack, and the smoke box shell. The steam chest 16 ispreferably sup plied with steam by passages 17 formed on the outside of the box and the exhaust pipes 18 leading from the valve chests (not shown).

T he steam passing the buckets discharges into the annular space 31 through the perforated shell. 13 carried on the plate 13. The shell 13 carries the cone 11 which, in turn, carries the cone 10 through the medium ofthe blades 12.

The shaft 19 of the fan which stands vertically, is supported in a bearing (not shown) contained in the casing 20, this casing 20 resting upon the upper plate 21 of the casing 2. p

a means'for cooling the bearings and parts of the fan, we provide downwardly eX- tending tubes 24 having scoopdike covers '25 which will tend to scoop'in the air from above the cone shaped top sheet 26, adjacent to the smoke outlet 27, or, if preferred, we can also provide air cooling means with air passing up from below through the tube 28 into the conical chamber 29, which has a cylindrical upward extension surrounding the bearing box 20i The sheet 26 rests upon the upward inwardly turned edge of the shell 30 at 35.

' The preferred operation is as follows: The fan ereates a draft blast of relatively low velocity and large volume and, therefore, oper ates with low back pressure on'the engine.

The gaseous products flow upwardly through the fines of the economizer and impart heat to the feed water, becoming thus more dense which increases the fan efiiciency. These products are discharged peripherally from the fan with tangential direct-ion and velocity, whereupon they strike theblades 12 which extend oppositely to the blades 9. The blades operate to increase the pressure of the gases which leave the space between the cones 10 and 11 and pass into the annular space 31.

steam through the screen 13 and the gases and steam mix without substantial retardation of the gas flow thuspromoting efliciency.

The vanes 32 and 33 prevent whirling above the cone 10 and thus the mixture flows radially in toward the outlet 34 which has a size such that, with the velocities set up by the fan described, the discharge velocity is sufficient to clear the locomotive and cab of smoke. VVethus achieve adequate draft, at low back pressure if desired, with the requisite smoke expulsion for clearance.

The plate 26 slopesupwardly toward the l outlet and the outlet stands above the plate 26, which tends to set up an upward flow ofthe air striking the device, and assists in preventing blanketing. The device also does not project high above the smoke box, thus avoiding powerful eddies or suction on the lee side. i

As a means for readily cleaning out the space around the fines in the casing 2, we provide another opening or series of openings 22 which we use as a blowout means for freeing the water passages from dirt and sediment from time to time.

It will be seen that in Fig. 4, we have illustrated a modification in which the fan 8 is somewhat smaller in diameter which makes it possible to reduce the diameter of all the other enclosing parts, and in this construction we have also simplified some of the other parts of the apparatus, particularly the parts 10 and 10 which carry the deflecting vanes 1%, the assembled structure being supported from brackets 12 secured tov the turbine plate 15?.which latter carries the nozzle opening l5.

lVe claim u 1. A locomotive draft apparatus having a revolving fan and vanes in position to receive the gases as discharged from the fan and set at a substantialangle relative to the direction of discharge of said gases, together with means positioned to exhaust the discharged gases axially of the fan. V

2. A locomotive draft apparatus having a steam actuated fan and vanes in position to receive the gases as discharged from the fan and set'at an angle relative to the direction of dischargeof said gases, and a casing forming a mixing chamber for the gases and exhaust steam beyond the vanes and having an outlet directed axially of the fan.

3. A locomotive draft apparatus having a i. A locomotive draft device comprising in combination a fan mounted to revolve about a vertical axis, a series of vanes surrounding said fan, an enclosing chamber having a discharge outlet, and anti-whirling vanes in the chamber.

5. A locomotive draft device comprising in combination a fan mouted to revolve about a vertical axis, aseries of vanes surrounding said fan and a cover plate above the fan and vanes formed into an upwardly terminating stack, and provided with an upwardly 'inclined surface leading to the stack.

6. A locomotive draft device comprising in combination a fan mounted to revolve about a vertical axis, a series of vanes surrounding said fan and a cover plate above the fan and vanes formed into an upwardly inclined surface leading to the stack, the cover plate being provided with stiffeners radially disposed.

7. In a locom'otlve with its boiler, a draft device comprising in combination a casing,

a fan mounted to revolve about a vertical axis therein, a stack in position to be drafted by the fan, steam delivery passages extending around the periphery of the boiler front end, and a turbine for operating the fan having a steam chest disposed peripherally of thecasing of the draft device and connected to the steam delivery passages.

8. A locomotive draft apparatus having a revolving fan arranged to draw the combustion gases thru a central inlet and to discharge said gases outwardly at its periphery, a casing having directing vanes. whereby said gases are directed inwardly after leaving said fan and an opening in said casing directed axially of the fan for the discharge of said gases.

9. A locomotive draft apparatus having a revolving fan arranged to draw the combustion gases thru a central inlet and to discharge said gases outwardly at its periphery, vanes surrounding said fan in position to re ceive the gases as discharged from the fan and set at an angle relative to the direction of discharge of said gases, a casing whereby said gases are directed inwardly after passing-thru said vanes and an opening in said casing for the discharge of said gases.

10. A locomotive draft apparatus having a revolving fan arranged to draw the combustion gases thru a central inlet and to discharge said gases outwardly at its periphery, vanes surrounding said fan in position to receive the gases as discharged from the fan and set at an angle relative to the direction of discharge of said gases, a casing whereby said gases are directed inwardly after passing thru said vanes and an opening substantially in the center of said casing for the discharge of said gases.

11. In a locomotive draft device, a casing adapted to be mounted in the locomotive front end and having a stack extendin vertically therein, partition means in the casing around the stack forming a steam chest and an exhaust chamber in the casing with means for passing steam from the former to the latter, a fan adapted to create draft through the stack, and turbine driving means for said fan positioned in the path of the steam passing from said chest to said chamber.

12. In a locomotive draft device, a casing adapted to be mounted in the locomotive front end and having a stack extending vertically therein, partition means in the casing around the stack forming a steam chest and an exhaust chamber 1n the casing with means for passing steam from the former to the latfront end and having a stack extending vertically therein, partition means in the casing around the stack forming a steam chest and an exhaust chamber. in the casing with means for passing steam from the former to the latter, a fan adapted tocreate draft through the stack, and turbine driving means for said fan positioned in the. path of the steam passing from said chest to said chamber, said fan being positioned to discharge into said chamber, together with means for directing the steam and fan discharge centripetally above the fan and upwardly through a common outlet.

14. In a locomotive, a straight vertical smoke-stack having a bulged portion between its inlet and outlet, and an axial intakev and radial discharge draft fan mounted in said bulge on a vertical axis.

15. In a locomotive, a straight vertical smoke-box having a bulged portion between its inlet and outlet, and an axial intake and radial discharge draft fan mounted in saic bulge on a vertical axis, together with a steam-operated turbine, for driving the fan, positioned to exhaust into said bulged portion of the stack.

In testimony whereof, we have hereunto signed our names.

0. A. SGHELLENS. JOEL s. oorrnv, JR. 

